实时定量PCR技术诊断PCP的研究进展

The Research Progress of Diagnosing Pneumocystis Pneumonia Using Real-Time PCR

肺孢子菌肺炎（PCP）是一种由耶氏肺孢子菌引起的致死性肺炎,常见于免疫功能低下人群,早期诊断有助于临床治疗.目前常用的病原学检查漏诊率较高;定性PCR检测虽然敏感,但有时难以区分隐性感染和显性感染.实时定量PCR是近年来发展的一种精确、敏感、污染少的核酸定量技术.本文综述结果表明,实时定量PCR技术能快速、敏感、特异地检测肺孢子菌,可随时跟踪监测PCP的治疗效果,指导临床用药,有助于PCP的流行病学研究及其他基础生物学研究.

Pneumocystis pneumonia （PCP） caused by Pneumocystis firoveci （P. j） is a life-threatening infection in immunocompromised individuals. Early diagnosis of PCP is important to clinical treatment. The diagnostic technique for PCP used nowadays relies on a direct microscopic examination of respiratory specimen, the sensitivities of such examination is low. Molecular diagnosis of PCP is potentially more sensitive. Although conventional PCR has been used to detect the P. j DNA, it is sometimes difficult to distinguish the apparent and silent infection. The real-time PCR assay was developed recent years, which seemed to be accurate, sensitive and less contamination. The present paper summarized more than 20 papers concerning the studies on real-time PCR for the identification of P. j DNA. It revealed that real-time PCR is rapid, sensitive, specific diagnosis method for the detection of P. j. The quantitative results would be helpful to therapy monitoring, guide of clinical drug application and epidemiological investigation for PCP. It is also useful for other basic biological researches.