粒子群优化在直升机旋翼动平衡调整中的应用

Helicopter rotor tuning based on neural network and particle swarm optimization

传统的直升机旋翼调整方法没有考虑调整参数与振动信号之间的非线性关系,针对这一缺点,提出将广义回归神经网络(GRNN,General Regression Neural Network)和粒子群算法相结合的旋翼调整方法,采用GRNN网络建立旋翼动平衡调整模型,以桨叶的调整参数作为神经网络的输入,以旋翼转轴和机身的三向的加速度测量值作为网络输出,建立调整参数与直升机振动信号间的模型.以直升机振动作为目标函数,采用粒子群优化算法对桨叶的调整参数进行寻优,获得当直升机振动最小时的桨叶的调整量.飞行实验结果表明,此方法可通过飞行测试获得的新数据对神经网络进行更新,使系统在使用过程中不断完善,并可在较少的飞行调整下完成旋翼的动平衡调整.

Considering the drawbacks of traditional rotor adjustment method without calculating possible nonlinear between rotor adjustments and fuselage vibration signals of the helicopter,a new rotor adjustment method based on the general regression neural network（GRNN） and the particle swarm optimization（PSO） was presented.GRNN network was employed to model the relationship of the rotor adjustment parameters and the fuselage vibrations,whose input parameters are rotor adjustment parameters and whose outputs are acceleration measurements along the three axes of rotor shaft and the fuselage.With the helicopter vibration as an objective function,the PSO was used to make a global optimization to find the suitable rotor adjustments corresponding to the minimum vibrations.Flight test results indicate that the neural networks are easily updated if new data becomes available thus allowing the system to evolve and mature in the course of its use.