基于模糊综合评判法的新疆典型干旱区土壤盐漠退化风险评价

Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation based assessment of soil alkaline desertification in typical arid area of Xinjiang

针对全球性重大环境问题之一的土壤盐漠化,以新疆准噶尔盆地南缘典型盐漠带为例,以土壤盐分含量、地下水埋深、黏粒含量、有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾、土壤pH值等作为评价指标,应用模糊综合评判法构建了新疆典型干旱区土壤盐漠退化风险评价方法,并对研究区土壤盐漠退化风险进行综合评价。研究结果表明:研究区存在不同等级的土壤盐漠退化风险,且整体呈现出由南向北退化风险逐渐增强的规律性;土壤盐漠退化以中度、高度、中高度风险为主,分别占研究区总面积的46.56%、23.01%和20.95%,低风险和极高风险的分布面积小。该评价成果对于指导当地农业生产、合理利用土地资源具有一定的理论价值。

Taking soil degradation into account,Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation was adopted to construct prediction model of soil alkaline desertification in Xinjiang,and southern Junggar Basin was chosen as study area.Soil salt content,groundwater depth,clay content,organic matter,alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen,rapidly available phosphorus,rapidly available potassium,and pH value,were selected as assessment indexes.Risks of soil degradation were comprehensively assessed according to the prediction model in the study area.The results obtained indicated that there were different ranks of risk that increased from south to north in this area;moderate,high and middle-high risks were major parts and separately took up 46.56%,23.01% and 20.59% of the total area,at the same time low and sky-high risks occupied very small part.The results of assessment could provide theoretical value on instructing local agricultural production and reasonable utilization of soil resources.