非聚醚型破乳剂的破乳效果

INVESTIGATION OF PERFORMANCE OF NON-POL YETHER DEMULSIFIERS IN DEMULSIBILITY OF CRUDE OIL-IN-WATER EMULSION

以丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、丙烯酸丁酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、苯乙烯等为原料,在胶束水溶液中合成了一系列非聚醚型破乳剂。采用试瓶法对模拟采出原油乳状液进行了破乳实验研究。结果表明,含有亲水性基团的非聚醚型破乳剂,由于分子结构的双亲性,有利降低油水界面膜强度和增加动态界面活性,使其破乳效果优于油溶性破乳剂的破乳效果,但过强的亲水性会使破乳剂分子的破乳效果下降,分子结构单元上亲水性基团低于20%的非聚醚型破乳剂的破乳效果最佳;含有29%～62%苯基的非聚醚型破乳剂由于和原油乳状液中的沥青质、胶质等天然乳化剂分子之间良好的相溶性和增溶性,降低了油水界面膜强度,使其破乳效果更佳。与几种工业级的聚醚型破乳剂破乳效果对比表明,分子上含一定量苯基的非聚醚型破乳剂对原油乳状液的破乳效果达到94.89%,明显优于工业级的89.67%。

A series of non-polyether demulsifiers were prepared by micelle water solution polymerization with raw materials of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, styrene, etc. The demulsibility of the prepared crude oil-in-water emulsion was carried out by the above demulsifiers with the bottle test method. The effect of constitutes and structure of the demulsifier molecules on the demulsibilities was studied by the experiment of demulsifying simulated crude oil emulsion. The experimental data indicate that the demutsibility of the non-polyether demulsifiers con- taining hydrophilic group which have hydrophilic lipophilic structure of molecules can reduce the intention of oil-water interface film and increase the activity of dynamic interface, exceed the counterpart of lipophilic demulsifiers which have no hydrophilic-lipophilic structure in the molecules. Especially, the non-polyether demulsifiers with the hydrophilic group of less than 20 weight percent in its molecules have prominent demulsibilities. The data also indicate that non-polyether demulsifiers which have phenyl group of 29 to 62 weight percentage have excellent demulsifying performance owing to good solubilization and intersolubility between the demulsifiers and natural emulsifier, especially as phaltene and pectin. Compared with the demulsibility of several industrial grade demulsifiers which fall into polyether demulsifiers, the non polyether demulsifiers which contain certain ratios of phenyl group in the molecular unit are excellent in the demulsibility of crude oil-in-water emulsion.