水分胁迫对幼苗期霸王叶片生理特性的影响

Effect of soil water stress on leaf trial of Zygophyllum xnthoxylum during seedling stage

以霸王(Zygophyllum xanthoxylum)种子为材料,通过盆栽试验进行水分胁迫处理并分析其幼苗期叶片生长生理特性的变化及其与长期水分利用效率之间的相关关系。结果显示,1)霸王幼苗总叶面积、单叶面积随着水分胁迫的加剧显著减小,严重胁迫使总叶数急剧减少,与中度胁迫处理相比减少了51.2%;2)水分胁迫显著降低了幼苗期霸王的叶水势和叶片相对含水量(P<0.05),但叶片相对含水量降幅不大;3)水分胁迫下叶绿素含量增加,但各处理间差异不显著(P>0.05);4)水分胁迫引起幼苗期霸王叶片气孔数的显著增多,同时气孔长度和宽度显著减小(P<0.05);5)长期水分利用效率随水分胁迫加剧逐渐提高,并与气孔密度和气孔指数极显著相关(P<0.01),与叶水势显著相关(P<0.05),而与比叶面积、叶绿素含量均无显著相关(P>0.05)。表明霸王长期适应阿拉善荒漠干旱环境,干旱胁迫下通过改变叶片的生理特性来提高抗旱性。

The pot experiment was carried out to deal with leaf physiological characteristics and water use efficiency of Zygophyllum xanthoxylum seedlings under different water stress.Meanwhile,the correlation between leaf physiological characteristics and water use efficiency were also analyzed.The results of this study showed that,1） the total leaf area and single leaf area activity decreased with the decrease of soil water content.Total number of leafs on severe drought was sharply reduced by 51.2% compared with that on moderate drought;2） leaf water potential and leaf relative water content reduced with the decrease of soil water content significantly,but leaf relative water content changed a little;3） the chlorophyll content increased with the decrease of soil water content,but there was no difference among treatments;4） when soil water content decreased,stomatal density increased significantly,whereas stomatal length and width decreased significantly;5） water stress increased the long-term water use efficiency.The water use efficiency had significant positive correlation（P0.01） to stomatal density,significant negative correlation（P0.05） to leaf water potential,but had no correlation with specific leaf area and chlorophyll content.In summary,drought-resistance of Z.xanthoxylum seedlings could be increased through changing leaf physiological characteristics.