播期和密度对张选1号黍子生育及产量的影响

Effects of Sowing Date and Density on Grain Yield and Yield Component Traits of Broomcorn Millet Zhangxuan 1

设置3个播期水平和5个密度水平,通过裂区试验研究播期和密度对黍子张选1号主要生育性状、产量及其构成因素的影响。结果表明,随着播期的推迟,张选1号的生育期逐渐缩短,株高、主穗长、茎长呈先升后降的趋势;主茎节数、主茎叶片数和茎粗呈逐渐降低趋势。随着密度的增大,其株高、茎长逐渐增加;主穗长、茎粗则逐渐降低。不同播期和密度处理对籽粒产量及其构成因素的影响达显著水平,并且播期对产量构成因素的影响大于密度。同一播期不同密度间或同一密度不同播期间存在显著差异,不同播期最适密度不同,第1期的最适密度是60万/hm2,第2、3期最适密度均是90万/hm2。不同播期和密度对成穗数、穗粒数影响大,而对粒质量影响较小。综合考虑张选1号在冀北适宜的播期应在6月15日左右,相对应的最适密度是90万/hm2。

In order to clarify suitable cultivation measures for broomcorn millet Zhangxuan 1 spreading in large scale,a field experiment using split-plot design with three sowing dates and four planting densities were conducted to study the effects of sowing date and planting density on its grain yield and yield component traits.The results showed that the whole growth period of Zhangxuan 1 had been prolonged with the delaying of sowing date.In addition the plant height,main spike length and stem length showed the tread of first rising and then decreasing.However main stem internode number,main stem leaf number and stem diameter decreased gradually.With the increasing of density,its plant height,stem length become longer,but its main spike length and stem diameter dropped gradually.The different sowing date and density significantly affected grain yield and its components,and the effects of sowing date was greater than that of plant density.There are differences significantly under the same sowing date with the increasing of density or under the same density with different sowing date.The suitable planting density was 60×104 seedlings/hm2 in the first sowing date,90×104 seedlings/hm2 in the second and third sowing date separately.The effects of sowing date and density was greater on ears and grains per ear than on 1000-grain weight.Overall,the suitable sowing date of Zhangxuan 1 in the Northwestern of Hebei area was in about June 15 with the best planting density of 90×104 seedings/ha.