受欺负初中学生身心健康状况及相关因素分析

Psychosomatic status and related factors of bullied students in junior high schools

目的探讨校园欺负对初中生身心健康的影响及相关影响因素,为制定积极有效的干预措施提供参考。方法整群抽取山东省2所初中学生830名,采用欺负筛查问卷、焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表、匹斯堡睡眠质量指数量表和艾森克个性问卷进行问卷调查。结果初中生受欺负的检出率为17.95%,男生高于女生。受欺负初中生焦虑、抑郁和睡眠质量得分及检出率均高于一般学生(P值均<0.05)。进入受欺负初中生焦虑回归方程的主要有受欺负程度、个性外倾和神经质,进入抑郁回归方程的主要有受欺负程度、受关系欺负,进入睡眠质量回归方程的主要有神经质和受欺负程度。结论受欺负初中生具有明显的焦虑、抑郁情绪及睡眠障碍,受欺负程度对受欺负初中生的焦虑、抑郁、睡眠均有显著影响。

Objective To explore the psychosomatic status and related factors of bullied students in two junior high schools in Shandong,and to provide reference for the effective measurements.Methods A total of 830 students were assessed with Bullyvictim Questionnaire,Self-Rating Anxiety Scale（SAS）,Self-Rating Depression Scale（SDS）,Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index（PSQI） and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire（EPQ）.Results The reporting rate of victim was 17.95% and the rate of boys was significant higher than that of girls.Victims reported more symptoms of anxiety,depression and sleep disorder in comparison with those not involved in bullied behaviors（P〈0.05）.Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that E and N factors of EPQ,the severity of being bullied related to SAS,and bullied by the relationship,the severity of being bullied related to SDS,and N factor of EPQ and the severity of being bullied related to PSQI.Conclusion The victims have severe anxiety,depression and sleep disorder.Bullied behavior has severe effects on the psychosomatic status of bullied junior high school students.