生活事件自尊及归因方式对大学生抑郁影响路径分析

A path analysis on life events,self-esteem,attribution style and depression among undergraduates

目的探索抑郁与归因方式、自尊和应激的关系,为大学生抑郁早期预防和干预提供依据。方法对整群抽取的647名大学生采用流调中心用抑郁量表(CES-D)、自尊量表(SES)、归因方式问卷(ASQ)和青少年生活事件量表(ASLEC)进行施测。结果相关分析发现,生活事件、归因方式均与抑郁呈显著正相关;自尊与抑郁呈显著负相关;生活事件与自尊及归因方式呈显著正相关(P<0.01)。路径分析发现:有5条路径显著影响抑郁的发生。归因方式对抑郁直接发生影响;自尊直接影响抑郁,同时也可通过归因方式为中介对抑郁发生影响;生活事件对抑郁的直接影响作用不显著,可经由自尊和归因方式为中介影响抑郁的发生。结论大学生抑郁的发生与负性生活事件、自尊以及归因方式密切相关,其中自尊和归因方式在生活事件和抑郁之间起中介作用。

Objective To investigate the correlation of depression,attribution style,self-esteem and life events.Methods A total of 647 undergraduates were measured with Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale（CES-D）,The Self-Esteem Scale（SES）,Attribution Style Questionnaire（ASQ） and Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List（ASLEC）.Results Life Events,self-esteem and attribution style were significantly correlated with depression while significant correlations were obtained between self-esteem,attribution style and life events（P〈0.01）.Through path analysis,self-esteem and attribution style influenced depression directly,respectively,while self-esteem influenced depression through attribution style.Life events influenced depression through the mediators,self-esteem and attribution style.Conclusion Life events,self-esteem and attribution style are significantly correlated with depression among undergraduates,and self-esteem and attribution style influence life events as the mediators.