大规模人流多出口应急疏散预案的优化与研究

Optimization of Large Scale Emergency Evacuation with Multiple Paths and Exits

设计了有通行能力限制的多出口疏散路径整数规划模型,采用回溯算法和二分搜索算法结合的算法来求解,将各弧段上的通行速度表示为时变的连续递减函数,并对不同弧段的速度函数设置了不同的衰减参数。最后结合汶川地震中四川大邑县的地震应急疏散图作为案例进行了仿真,对其应急预案进行了优化并给出了改进建议,同时也证明了算法的正确性和实用性。

An integer programming model with capacity limit as well as multiple paths and exits is developed in the article. The speed on each arc is assumed to continuously decrease with respect to time, and different parameters are tested to the speed decrease functions on the arcs. The case of Dayi earthquake emergency evacuation plan is simulated by the model and algorithm and improvement of the plan is discussed. The example shows the effectiveness and feasibility of the model and algorithm.