建立我国海滩质量标准分级体系的探讨

Discussion on Beach Quality Standards Rating System in China

在参考国内外主要海滩质量标准评价体系的基础上,论文根据我国海滩的具体状况,提出适合我国国情的海滩质量标准体系。标准体系包括自然和社会经济两类共54个因子,对不同开发程度的海滩实行不同的评分标准,最终将海滩分为钻石、金、银、铜及不及格5个等级。论文对山东和福建共6个不同开发程度(开发成熟,低度开发/未开发)的海滩进行了试点应用,结果表明,厦门黄厝得分最高,霞浦大京得分最低。同时解释所提出标准的适用性,并对海滩资源可持续开发利用提出管理对策。

Based on beach quality standards and rating systems abroad,the paper proposes a new beach quality standards rating system adaptable to the specific situations of China.This system includes 54 factors grouped into two subsystems（natural and socioeconomic）.The former includes three subtypes of geomorphology,hydrology,eco-environment,and the latter includes all types of human activities.In order to rate the beaches quality,different factor scores were evaluated to beaches with different developing levels,from which five rating indicators of Diamond,Gold,Silver,Bronze and Disqualification were resulted.The rating system was applied to six beaches in Shandong and Fujian provinces which can be grouped into two different development stages（developed and developing）,and the rating sores ranged from 84%（Huangcuo at Xiamen） to 47%（Dajing at Xiapu）.Applicability of the rating system and management strategies for beach resources sustainable development were also discussed.