江汉平原建设用地扩张的时空特征与驱动力分析

STUDY ON SPATIAL-TEMPORAL PATTERN AND DRIVING FORCES OF CONSTRUCTION LAND EXPANSION IN JIANGHAN PLAIN FROM 1996 TO 2005

建设用地的迅速扩张已经成为当前中国土地利用变化的主要特征。以中国科学院土地利用数据库(基于1995、2000和2005TM影像)为基础,利用GIS空间叠加分析和缓冲区分析技术,提取建设用地变化及其空间分布信息,运用建设用地扩张速度和强度指数对江汉平原1995～2005年10a来建设用地扩张的时空特征进行了研究。在此基础上,结合各县市的社会经济等信息,运用灰色关联分析,对建设用地扩张的驱动力进行探讨。结果显示:总体上江汉平原建设用地扩张速度呈现增大趋势,但各县市之间扩张差异显著;各县市建设用地扩张分布上呈现组团状特点;沿交通线扩张的特征较为突出,尤其是后一阶段增幅高于前一阶段,沿江扩张增幅明显;总人口的增长是江汉平原建设用地扩张最主要的驱动力;交通条件改善、经济发展与区域建设用地扩张也有明显的相关关系。

The high speed expansion of construction land is one of the main characteristics of modern land use change in China.Based on the land use database acquired by interpreting the multiple-temporal（1995,2000 and 2005）remote sensing images,GIS spatial analysis（mainly overlay and buffer analysis）,ESI（expansion speed index）and EII（expansion intensity index）were used to analyze the spatial-temporal pattern and driving forces of the construction land expansion in Jianghan Plain from 1996 to 2005.And the driving forces of construction land expansion were analyzed by Grey relational analysis combined with social and economic statistic data.The results showed that the expansion of construction land accelerated in later five years compared to that of former five years;the construction land expansion showed obvious areal difference in different counties;construction land grew dramatically along the major traffic lines,especially along rivers during the later five years.Population growth was the most important driving force of the expansion of construction land.Traffic conditions improvement,economic development and the industrial structure transformation were also main driving factors of the construction land expansion in Jianghan Plain.