上海市144名医用X射线工作人员10年健康动态观察

A Ten Years Follow-up Investigation of the Health Conditions of 144 Radiation Personels in Shanghai

[目的]了解上海市放射工作人员的健康状况,为放射防护管理提供科学依据。[方法]选择上海市部分医院从事放射工作的144名医技人员作为暴露组,于1999—2008年连续10年对健康检查结果进行动态观察,同时选择2008年健康体检的非放射工作医务人员108名为对照组,两组的年龄(t=0.12)、工龄(t=1.95)差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。[结果]暴露组的白细胞、红细胞、血红蛋白、血小板10年间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),暴露组的外周血象与对照组比较,白细胞差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),红细胞、血红蛋白、血小板差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01),白细胞、眼晶体、皮肤指甲异常阳性率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。[结论]长期小剂量电离辐射仍可对放射工作人员的健康造成一定损害。

[ Objective ] To understand the health status of the radiation personels, for providing scientific evidence for the management on radiation protection. [ Methods ] A total of 144 medical personels engaging in professional activities of radiation exposure in hospitals in Shanghai were selected as exposure group. Physical examinations were performed annually during the years of 1999 through 2008. Another 108 medical personels who had not exposed to radiation preofessionally and had their physical examinations performed in 2008 were taken as control group. No significant difference existed on age （t = 0.12 ）and duration of service（ t= 1.95 ）（ P〉0.05 ）between the two groups. [ Results ] There were significant differences in white blodd cell, red blood cell;hemoglobin, and platelet counts in the exposure group among the follow-up ten years （P 〈 0.05 ）. No significant difference was found between the peripheral blood of two groups on their leucocyte counts （ P 〉 0.05 ）, but there were significant differences on their red blood cell, hemoglobin and platelet counts（ P〈0.05 or P〈0.01 ）. The positive abnormal rates of eyes crystals, skins and nails in exposure group were significantly higher than those in the control group. [ Conclusion ] Long-term low-dose professional ionizing radiation exposure can cause certain damage to the health of the relevant professional personels.