对中西文学关系的思考

A Reflection on the Literary Relationship between China and the West

中国学者有一种普遍的焦虑心情：他们认为中国文学是孤立的，被排除在“世界”以外，所以必须促使中国文学走向“世界”，被“世界”容纳。因此，研究中西文学关系的主要方法，是比较文学的影响研究和接受研究。但我们或许过于相信西方文学的影响，而忽略了在国际间的交流越来越密切的环境下，人们在相似的时代环境下面对同一类现象，有可能不通过直接的影响关系来达到某些思考结论的相似性。我把对这种相似性关系的研究称之为世界性因素的研究。

Since the establishment of Chinese comparative literature, the study of the literary relationship between China and the West has wielded groundbreaking influence on Chi- nese literary study. However there is a shared anxiety among Chinese scholars that Chinese literature is isolated and excluded from the ＂World. ＂ Therefore it is held that Chinese literature should go to the ＂World＂ and be accepted by the ＂World. ＂ Consequently the major method of the study of the literary relationship between China and the West is influence study and reception of comparative literature. Nevertheless, it is possible that we overrate the influence from the West and underrate increasingly internationalized community that will lead people from different places to confront similar phenomenon in the same age and draw similar conclusion of reflection without direct influence from each other. I call the study of the similarity relationship the study of internationality.