四种彩叶树种光合特性研究

Study of the Photosynthetic Characteristics of Four Kinds of Colorful Plants

[目的]比较4种彩叶树种的光合特性及叶绿素特征,以期为彩叶树种的合理配置提供理论依据。[方法]在自然条件下,采用英国生产的LCI便携式植物光合测定仪测定自然生长的4种彩叶植物的光合特征,采用分光光度法测定彩叶植物叶绿素及花色素苷含量。对紫叶李(Prunus cerasifera f.atropurpurea)、紫叶矮樱(Prunus×cistena)、金叶女贞(Ligustrum×vicaryi)和金叶连翘(Forsythia suspen-sa(Thunb.)Vahl)4种彩叶树种光合特性日变化及植物色素含量进行研究。[结果]4种彩叶树种的光合作用能力强弱顺序为:紫叶李>紫叶矮樱>金叶女贞>金叶连翘,2种紫叶树种的净光和速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度均高于金叶树种,而水分利用效率则相反;紫叶李和紫叶矮樱的叶绿素含量明显高于金叶女贞和金叶连翘。[结论]金叶树种的节水能力强于紫叶树种,而紫叶树种叶片的光能吸收和耐阴性强于金叶树种。

[Objective] The study aims to compare photosynthetic characteristics and the contents of pigments in the four kinds of colorful plants,in order to provide basis for the rational allocation of colored tree species.[Method] Diurnal variation of photosynthetic characteristics and content of plant pigments of Prunus cerasifera f.atropurpurea,Prunus×cistena,Ligustrum×vicaryi and Forsythia suspensa（Thunb.）Vahl colorful plants are studied under natural conditions,by using LCI portable photosynthesis system,and the contents of pigments by using spectrophotometry.[Result] Results show that the Photosynthetic capacity of four colorful plants is that Prunus cerasifera？f.atropurpurea Prunus×cistena Ligustrum×vicaryi Forsythia suspensa（Thunb.）Vahl,and net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of two kinds of plants with purple leaves are higher than that of two kinds of plants with golden leaves,but the moisture utilization rate of two kinds of plants with purple leaves is lower than that of two kinds of plants with golden leaves;in addition,the chlorophyll content of Prunus cerasifera f.atropurpurea and Prunus×cistena is obviously higher than that of Ligustrum×vicaryi and Forsythia suspensa（Thunb.）Vahl.[Conclusion] The water-saving capacity of golden leaves are stronger than purple leaves;the light energy absorption capacity of the leaves of plants with purple leaves and the shade-tolerance of purple leaves is higher than that of the plants with golden leaves.