猪的全基因组水平SNP研究现状

Progresses of SNP in pig genome-wide studies

SNP(single nucleotide polymorphism,单核苷酸多态)在猪基因组中的分布极其广泛,平均分布间隔为300～400 bp,相关数据库收录已达55万条。猪基因组测序已取得实质性进展,大规模搜索发现基因组及EST(expressed sequence tag)序列中的SNP已展开,应用于猪全基因组水平的SNP芯片已建立。在此基础上,基于猪SNP标记的遗传图谱绘制、QTL(quantitative trait loci)定位、遗传多样性检测及全基因组关联分析等也都相继出现。

Single nucleotide polymorphisms（SNPs） are abundant and widespread throughout the pig genome,occurring typically on average every 300-400 bps.About 557 k SNPs have been deposited in NCBI＇s SNP repository dbSNP.The pig whole genome is currently being sequenced with billions of sequences completed.Hundreds of thousands of porcine SNPs are discovered in genome sequence data and expressed sequence tag（EST） collections.High density SNP genotyping assays are designed for porcine genome.Therefore,the extensive applications of porcine SNP are developed,some of which include constructing of genetic linkage map,mapping of quantitative trait loci（QTL）,detection of genetic diversity,genome-wide association study.