对不同性别和专业的大学生身体形象与身体成分的研究

Body Image and Body Composition of College Students in Different Genders and Majors

本研究的主要目的是调查性别和学习专业对我国普通大学生的身体形象的影响,并探索客观的身体成分与主观的身体形象的关系。为此,随机抽样选取了文、理工、医类男女大学生190名,并对他们进行"多维身体自我关联量表"、身体质量指数、身体脂肪比例的测试。结果显示男女大学生的身体成分均在可接受的范围,但男女学生在自我外表评价、体重忧虑、体重归类等方面有显著性差异。女生相对较低的身体外表的评价和较高的体重焦虑,反映了心理健康问题,究其原因,可能与社会文化的压力、自我表征的动机和自身脂肪的比例有关。

The main purposes of the research were to investigate the effects of gender and major on body image and reveal the relationship between objective body composition and subjective body image in college students.190 male and female college students from liberal arts,science engineering,and medicine were randomly selected to participate in the measurements of Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire（MBSRQ）,Body Mass Index（BMI）,and percent body fat.The results demonstrated that the participants had a BMI and percent body fat in an accepted range.However,the gender differences on appearance evaluation,overweight preoccupation,and self weight classification were significant.The lower evaluation and higher weight anxiety in the female students indicated a problem in mental health.Social culture pressure,self-presentation motivation,and body fat percentage might contribute to the problem.