大学生鼻前庭菌群分布特征研究

Distribution of nasal vestibulum flora and carriage of Staphylococcus aureus in college students

目的了解大学生鼻前庭的菌群分布特征及金黄色葡萄球菌的携带情况。方法无菌采集935名大学生鼻前庭拭子,接种哥伦比亚血琼脂平板、麦康凯琼脂平板,常规分离培养鉴定细菌;血浆凝固酶实验鉴定金黄色葡萄球菌,纸片扩散法检测金黄色葡萄球菌的药物敏感性。结果鼻前庭细菌检出率从高到低为类白喉棒状杆菌(53.80%)、表皮葡萄球菌(45.78%)、枯草杆菌(31.97%)、金黄色葡萄球菌(15.51%),链球菌(2.78%)、克雷伯菌(1.60%)、真菌(1.50%)、铜绿假单胞菌(0.43%)、肠球菌(0.21%)和变形杆菌(0.21%)等。7.48%(70/925)的学生鼻前庭未检出细菌;34.12%(319/935)携带单一细菌,51.12%(478/935)携带2种细菌,7.27%(68/935)携带3种及3种以上细菌。共检出145株金黄色葡萄球菌,携带率为15.51%(145/935)。结论大学生鼻前庭菌群组成以类白喉棒状杆菌、表皮葡萄球菌、枯草杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌为主。

Objective To reveal the distribution of nasal vestibulum flora and carriage of Staphylococcus aureus in college students.Method 935 nasal vestibulum swabs of college students were cultured and isolated on columbia blood agar and Mac Conkey agar.Bacteria were identified by morphology and biochemical reactions.S.aureus was identified by colonial morphology,Gram stain,and coagulase test,and it＇s antibiotic susceptibility was assessed by disk-diffusion tests.Result The dominant components of nasal vestibulum flora were Diphtheroid bacilli（53.80%）,S.epidermidis（45.78%）,Bacillus subtilis（31.97%） and S.aureus（15.51）,followed by Streptococcus（2.78%）,Klebsiella（1.60%）,Fungus（1.50%）,Psuedomonas aeruginosa（0.43%）,and Enterococcus（0.21%）.In healthy students,7.48%（70/925） had no culturable bacteria in their nasal vestibulums,34.12%（319/935） carried only one species of bacteria,51.12%（478/935） had two species of bacteria and 7.27%（68/935） had three or more species of bacteria.The rate of S.aureus carriage was 15.51（145/935）.Conclusion Diphtheroid bacilli,S.epidermidis,Bacillus subtilis and S.aureus are more common in nasal vestibulum flora of college students.