关于开展急救技术普及教育的方法研究与探讨

First aid skills education among non-medical students： experience from practice in Jiangsu University

从2004年开始江苏大学与镇江市急救医疗中心合作，在非医学生中举办讲授初级急救基础知识和基本急救技能的24学时的选修课。课程包括徒手心肺复苏（CPR），Heimlich氏手法，初级急救五项基本技术（通气、止血、包扎、固定和搬运急救技术），摔伤、交通事故伤、溺水、电击伤、自杀等常见意外伤害和常见急症的现场急救方法，以及火灾、有毒气体中毒、爆炸和常见传染病等突发事件的现场避险逃生技能和自救互救知识。教学形式多样，结合了现代化的声像技术，实际操作，学术论坛，理论和实践竞赛，野外演练等。7年后的调查表明，非医学生中急救知识合格率从8．29％升到100％，CPR合格率84．45％。实践证明急救教育非常必要，目前的教学形式是有效的。

Since 2004 an optional basic first aid course has been held among non-medical students in Jiangsu University in corporation with Zhenjiang Medical Emergency Center. The 24-hour curriculum includes manual cardiopulmonary resuscitation （CPR）, Heimlich maneuver, 5 basic techniques of elementary first aid （ventilation, hemostasia, wound dressing, fixation, and transportation of the wounded）, on-the-spot emergency treatment of falling, traffic accidents, drowning, electric shock, suicide, etc, escape techniques and self-help and mutual aid during disasters, such as fire, toxicant gas poisoning, explosion, epidemic of infectious diseases, etc. Different forms of education, such as lecture with modernized acousto-optic technique, practical operation, academic forum, competition of theory and practice, and field exercise were integrated. In 2007 the First Aid Association of Jiangsu University was established. After 7-years＇ education the knowledge rate of first aid among the non-medical students was raised from 8.29% to 100%, and the qualification rate of CPR was 84.45%. The practice showed that first aid education is necessary and the current forms of education are effective.