青岛市围产儿出生缺陷现状分析

Analysis on the status of birth defects of perinatal infants in Qingdao

目的:了解青岛市出生缺陷发生现状,为制定干预措施提供依据。方法:监测2009年4月1日～2010年3月31日在青岛市有产科的75家医院分娩、孕28周至产后7天内的77 231例围产儿。结果:①出生缺陷发生率为60.34/万,其中发生率最高为106.24/万(李沧),最低为45.33/万(黄岛),不同区域围产儿出生缺陷发生率差异有统计学意义(P=0.01);男性高于女性(P=0.01);城镇高于农村(P=0.00);产妇年龄≥35岁组高于20～岁组及25～岁组(P=0.03、0.04);多胎高于单胎(P=0.00)。②出生缺陷前5位是先天性心脏病、总唇裂、多指(趾)、先天性脑积水(肢体短缩并列)、并指(趾)。③50.86%的缺陷儿能够在产前确诊,诊断依据主要是超声和临床检查确诊。结论:青岛市出生缺陷发生率低于全国及全省水平,但近年有上升趋势。基于青岛市出生缺陷发生特征,各相关部门应制定有针对性的干预措施降低出生缺陷发生率。

Objective：To understand the status of birth defects in Qingdao,provide a basis for making intervention measures. Methods：77 231 perinatal infants from 28 gestational weeks to 7 days after birth who deliveried in 75 hospitals in Qingdao from April 1,2009 to March 31,2010 were monitored. Results：The incidence of birth defects in Qingdao was 60.34/ten thousand,from 45.33/ten thousand in Huangdao district to 106.24/ten thousand in Licang district,there was significant difference in the incidence of birth defects among different areas in Qingdao（P=0.01）;the incidence of birth defects in men was significantly higher than that in women（P=0.01）;the incidence of birth defects in towns was significantly higher than that in villages（P=0.00）;the incidence of birth defects in women≥35 years old group was significantly higher than those in 20~ years old group and 25~ years old group（P=0.03,0.04）;the incidence of birth defects in multiple pregnancy was significantly higher than that in single pregnancy（P=0.00）.The first five diseases of birth defects were congenital heart disease,total harelip,polydactyly,congenital hydrocephalus（tied for limb reduction defect） and syndactyly.50.86% of the infants with birth defects were diagnosed before delivery,the main diagnostic criteria were ultrasound and clinical examination. Conclusion：The incidence of birth defects in Qingdao is lower than those in the whole country and in the province,but there is a decreasing trend in recent years.Based on the characteristics of birth defects in Qingdao,the relevant departments should make targeted intervention measures to reduce the incidence of birth defects