上海市长宁区2005～2009年托幼机构手足口病分析

An investigation and analysis of hand-foot-mouth disease in a 5-year period among children in kindergartens in Changning district of Shanghai

目的了解上海市长宁区托幼机构手足口病发病情况，为制定手足口病防治措施提供参考依据。方法按照上海市托幼机构传染病监测的工作要求，运用描述性研究方法监测全区托幼机构儿童的传染病发生情况。结果5年间托幼机构年平均发病率为0．89％，呈上升趋势；男孩327例，女孩103例，男：女构成比为1．60：1；发病高峰从每年5月开始启动，6月达最高峰；发病以托班和小班为主，分别占36．92％、32．50％。结论手足口病发生存在明显的季节、性别、年龄差异；托幼机构应加强疫情监测，做好晨检和消毒工作；防治工作重点放在低年龄组（托班和幼小班），开展适合幼儿的健康教育。

Objective To investigate prevalence of hand-foot-mouth disease among children in kindergartens in Changning district of Shanghai, so as to provide basis for formulating preventive and controling policies for the disease. Methods According to working requirements of infectious diseases surveillance in childcare institutions of Shanghai, the descriptive research method was used to monitor prevalence of infectious diseases among children in all kinderegartens of the whole district. Results The average annual prevalence of hand- foot-mouth disease was 0.89% in the 5-year period, and the annual prevalence grew year by year. Totally, 327 boys and 193 girls suffered from hand-foot-mouth disease in this 5 years, and male ：female was 1.69：1. The prevalence peak began from May, and reached the highest peak in June. The majority of the patients were those in trusteeship class （ 36.92% ） and bottom class （ 32.50% ） of the kindergarten. Conclusion In prevalence of hand-foot-mouth disease, there are obviously seasonal, gender and age differences. The ehildcare institution should enhance surveillance of hand-foot-mouth disease, pay more attention to morning check and disinfection, and develop appropriate health education for the children. In prevention and control of the disease, the work stress should be put on those children in low age periods （trusteeship class and bottom class of the kindergarten）.