初产妇产后不同时间点社会支持状况的研究

An investigation of primipara＇ s social support at different time points after delivery

目的描述初产妇产后3天、6周、12周时的社会支持状况。方法便利选取北京市某三甲医院住院分娩的147名初产妇，分别在产后3天、6周、12周时对其进行问卷调查，问卷包括一般资料及社会支持问卷，并对其进行分析。结果初产妇产后3天、6周、12周的社会支持总分分别为50．20±7．64、45．78±9．51和45．24±10．35；产后3天社会支持得分明显高于产后6周和12周（MD分别为4．43和4．97，均P〈0．05），产后6周和产后12周之间社会支持得分比较无显著性差异（MD=0．54，P〉0．05）。结论初产妇产后社会支持总分与以往研究结果相近，处于中等以上水平，其呈现出随产后时间延长而下降的趋势。

Objective To investigate current situation of primipara＇ s social supports obtained at respective the 3rd day, the 6th week and the 12th week after delivery. Methods In convenient sampling method, 147 primiparae were recruited from a Class m Grade I hospital in Beijing city. The primipare were investigated with postpartum social support questionnaire at respective the 3rd day, the 6th week and the 12th week after delivery. Results The mean score of primipara in social support at the 3rd day, the 6th week and the 12th week after delivery were 50.20±7.64, 45.78 ± 9.51, 45.24± 10.35 respectively. The score of primiparae in social support at the 3rd day after delivery was significantly higher than those at the 6th week and the 12th week after delivery （MD = 4.43, 4.97 respectively, both P 〈 0.05 ）, while there was no significant difference in score of primipara in social support between the time points of the 6th week and the 12tb week after delivery （MD = 0.54, P 〉 0.05 ）. Conclusion The mean score of primipara in postpartum social support in this study is in middle level, which is close to the results in past studies. Maternal social support score decreases with prolongation of postpartum time.