西安市4所三甲综合医院传染科护士心理健康水平与人格及应对方式的相关分析

Correlation between psychological health level, the characteristic and coping style in nurses working in infectious diseases department of four general hospitals in Xi＇an

目的 探讨传染科护士的心理健康水平及其与人格和应对方式的相关关系.方法 采用随机抽取西安市4所三甲医院传染科护士98名和内科护士118名,分为研究组（传染科护士）和对照组（内科护士）,两组护士均接受症状自评量表（SCL-90）调查,研究组护士另加测艾森克人格量表（EPQ）、应付方式问卷（CSQ）,对所得数据进行分析.结果 研究组SCL-90各因子与中国常模女性健康成人比较,人际关系敏感、偏执评分均低于常模,差异有统计学意义（t=2.42,2.95,P＜0.05或P＜0.01）.其余各因子与中国常模健康成人比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;研究组和对照组的SCL-90各因子得分和总分比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;研究组采用求助的应对方式与SCL-90中人际关系敏感、抑郁呈负相关（r=-0.28,-0.29,P＜0.05或P＜0.01）,采用自责、幻想、退避、合理化的应对方式与SCL-90绝大多数因子呈正相关（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）;研究组EPQ的P维度除与SCL-90的恐怖、偏执、精神病性三个因子呈正相关性（r=-0.26,0.34,0.28,P＜0.05或P＜0.01）;研究组EPQ的N维度与SCL-90的各因子均呈正相关（P＜0.01）,E维度与SCL-90的人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖因子均呈高度负相关（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）.结论 西安市4所三甲综合医院传染科护士心理健康状况良好;西安市4所三甲综合医院传染科护士心理健康问题与内科护士之间无差异;西安市4所三甲综合医院传染科护士心理健康与人格和应对方式均存在相关性.

Objective To explore the association between psychological health level and the characteristic and coping style in nurses working in infectious disease department. Methods 98 nurses in infectious disease department were selected as experimental group and 118 nurses in internal department were selected as control group. All the subjects were from four grade-3 hospitals in Xi＇ an city and investigated by SCL-90. Individuals in experimental group were investigated by EPQ and CSQ, besides the SCL-90. Results Compared with common mode of healthy Chinese women, interpersonal sensitivity, paranoid scores in SCL-90 was lower and the differences were statistically significant （all P ＜ 0. 05）, other factors did not reach the statistical significance （P＞0. 05）, and differences of all the factors score and total score in SCL-90 between the two groups did not reach the statistical significance （P ＞ 0. 05）. Seeking help coping style in experimental group was negatively correlated with interpersonal sensitivity and depression degree （r = -0. 28, -0. 29,P ＜0. 05 or P ＜0. 01）,other coping styles such as self-blame, fantasy, avoidance, and rationalization were positively correlated with majority factors in SCL-90 （P ＜0. 05 or P ＜0. 01）. P dimension in EPQ in experimental group was positively correlated with terror, paranoia, and psychosis in SCL-90 （r = - 0. 26,0. 34,0. 28, P ＜ 0. 05 or P ＜ 0. 01）and N dimension in EPQ in experimental group was positively correlated with all the factors in SCL-90（P ＜0. 01）, E dimension in EPQ in experimental group was negatively correlated with interpersonal sensitivity,depression degree, anxiety, and terror factors in SCL-90 （P ＜ 0. 05 or P ＜ 0. 01）. Conclusions Overall psychological level of nurses working in infectious disease department of comprehensive hospitals in Xi＇ an city was good. The psychological events were not statistically different between the nurses in infectious department and nurses in internal department. Psychological health level and the characteristic were correlated with coping style in nurses working in infectious disease department of general hospital in Xi＇ an city.