老年心血管病患者低钾血症发病情况调查及健康教育指导

The health instruction and characteristics of cardiovascular disease with hypokalemiain the elderly patients

目的 探讨老年心血管疾病患者低钾血症的发病情况,为其健康教育提供指导.方法 对入选的298例老年心血管疾病患者进行分析,特别是对其中67例入院时伴有低钾血症患者的发病情况进行调查.结果 老年女性低钾血症患者的平均年龄大于老年男性低钾血症患者,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;老年男性低钾血症患者与女性低钾血症患者发生率、平均血钾水平及性别在各年龄段分布差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;老年心血管疾病患者低钾血症症状不典型.结论 建议老年心血管疾病患者警惕低钾血症,注意补充含钾高的食物;指导老年心血管疾病患者及家属重视低血钾的危害性;老年女性高龄心血管疾病患者需得到特别关照.

Objective To explore the characteristics of cardiovascular disease with hypokalemia in the elderly persons, and offer the instructions to them. Methods We collected 298 elderly patients with cardiovascular disease, and did analysis on 67 patients admitted for cardiovascular disease with hypokalemia on admission. Results The average age of the female was higher than that of the male （P ＜ 0. 05）. The morbidity、average level of hypokalemia and the gender in each age distribution were no statistical significance （P ＞ 0. 05）.The symptoms of these patients were untypical. Conclusions The elderly cardiovascular disease patients should pay more attention on hypokalemia, eat more food rich in potassium. Help the patients with cardiovascular disease in the elderly understand the risk of hypokalemia. The female patients with cardiovascular disease in the elderly should be paid more attention.