中国海洋文化景观分类及其系统构成分析

Classification and System Analysis of Marine Cultural Landscapes in China

海洋文化景观是新的遗产类型——文化景观的重要组成部分。文章在借鉴文化景观分类的基础上,基于海洋历史文化的空间和地域特征,将中国海洋文化景观分为海洋遗址遗迹景观、海洋历史场所景观、海洋乡土景观、海洋聚落景观、海洋关联性文化景观和海洋文化线路景观等6种类型。并通过自然和人文因素对海洋文化景观形成的作用分析,将海洋文化景观的系统构成划分为自然地理基底、具象质料和非具象质料三大部分。

Marine cultural landscape is one of the important types of the new world heritage-cultural landscapes.Based on the Classification methods of cultural landscapes,considering the spatio-temporal character and regional features of marine historical cultural,marine cultural landscapes were classified 6 types.It included relicts and ruins landscape,historic site landscape,historic vernacular landscape,settlement landscape,associative cultural landscape and cultural routes or cultural itinerary.Physical geography factors are marine cultural landscape's foundation,and humanity factors are its leading factors.Marine cultural landscapes contain both very strong,pronounced physical colors and artificial marks.As a concept,Marine cultural landscape is composed by three component parts,they are physical foundation,marked material and recessive material.