张旭生平事迹考略

Textual Research on the Life and Achievements of Zhang Xu

张旭是唐代著名的书法家,在当时及后世均享有盛名,被誉为"草圣"。对其书法风格,历代探讨可谓详细。而对其生平事迹,长期以来,鲜有学者论及,其中较有影响者,如闻一多、郭沫若、朱关田、方磊、阮堂明等人,考述稍嫌粗略,不够全面、深入。鉴于此,本文以相关文献为依据,着重从史实出发,对张旭的生平作了较为系统的考证,着重考察了其籍贯、字号、排行、家世、仕宦、足迹、师承等问题,以期能对中国书法史的研究作出些微贡献。

Zhang Xu,a distinguished Chinese calligrapher of the Tang Dynasty who was venerated by posterities as the ＂sage of cursive calligrapher＂,enjoyed a high reputation for his calligraphic attainments among the people of his time and beyond.His calligraphic style has never failed to occupy the focus of attention among people of successive generations attempting for a detailed scrutiny.However,with regard to his life and deeds,few investigations have been carried out by subsequent scholars.The most influential ones who did such investigations included Wen Yiduo,Guo Moruo,Zhu Guantian,Fang Lei,Ruan Tangming,etc.,but their accounts were incomplete and fragmentary.Herein,this paper,according to relevant records in literature and on the basis of historical evidence,carries out a systematic investigation into the life and deeds of Zhang Xu,including his birthplace,his style name and assumed name,his seniority among siblings,his lineage,his official career and journeys,his educational background,etc.in the hope of making due contributions to efforts aimed at studying the history of Chinese calligraphy.