民众迁徙、家园符号与地方认同——以洪洞大槐树和南雄珠玑巷移民为中心的探讨

People Migration Home Symbol and Local Identity

山西洪洞大槐树与广东南雄珠玑巷是众多移民及其后裔心目中精神家园的象征。在被塑造成为家园符号的过程中,两地在有关移民的迁徙缘由、时机选择以及文字记载等方面有诸多的相同之处。但是,洪洞大槐树移民与南雄珠玑巷移民毕竟是分处两地且在不同时代的移民,因此在迁徙的动机、规模以及组织领导等方面都有与众不同之处,并进而形成各自独特的文化象征。洪洞大槐树与南雄珠玑巷本是地方的具体物象,但是却都不约而同地超越了区域的限制而成为众多人士追溯身世的主要参考,成为其心理认同中的家园。在这一过程中,家谱、族谱以及方志记载在其中发挥了重要作用。

In many settlers and decendants's minds,the Big Locust in Hongtong of Shanxi province and the Zhuji Alley in Nanxiong of Guangdong province were the symbols of their spiritual homes.During the process of symbolizing,the two places shared lots of similarities in the causes of migration,the timing and documentations.Nevertheless,the motivations,scales and the organizations of each place still were of their own distinctive features,for different places and eras,which finally formed their own unique cultural symbols.The Big Locust in Hongtong and the Zhuji Alley in Nanxiong,initially the concrete objects,suspassing the restriction of areas,had become the decisive references tracing back to one's family background and commonly identified homeland.And also,genealogy and local gazetteers played an important role in this process.