鳄蜥、大壁虎内耳的解剖学研究

The anatomic research to the inner ear in Shinisaurus corcodiluus and Gekko gecko

目的 研究鳄蜥、大壁虎的位听器官,尤其是内耳的结构.方法 采用铸型标本制作法获得鳄蜥、大壁虎的内耳铸型标本.结果 鳄蜥尚缺乏外耳道,外观上相当于鼓膜位置的皮肤无疣粒或疣粒很小.大壁虎则具有雏形的外耳道.两者的鼓膜均埋藏着基本相似的分叉板状软骨(外镫骨),板状软骨与相应鼓室内的耳柱骨相连接.球状囊均相对发达.大壁虎内耳迷路的形成构造似乎与蜥蝎相差不大.鳄蜥的耳囊宽短、不卷曲,呈倒金字塔状,三个半规管均与椭圆囊相接,但每个半规管所在平面似乎并不相互垂直.结论 鳄晰的位听器官还很不完善,大壁虎的位听器也处于比较低级的水平.

Objective The anatomic research to the inner ear In Shinisaurus corcodilurus and Gekko gecko. Methods The infused specimens were used mainly as stripped material. The mould specimen of the labyrinthus osseus of casting mould. Meanwhile, a small number of live bodies were observed and anatomized so that the structures of the inner ear can be measured by the method of micro - photos and naked eyes.Results The mould specimen of inner ear in Sinisaurus crocodilurus and Gekko gecko shows that Sinisaurus crocodilurus is still lack of exteranl auditory cannal, and its outward appearance equal to the skin of eardrum position has no the verruciform tubercle of it is very small. However, gecko has the embryonic form of external auditory cannal. The eardrum of these two lizard has the similar hidden Piece of cartilage (extrastapes) of that is linked with the os columellar auris. Their saccules aree comparatively well developed. The difference between the form-ing labyrinthus osseus in gecko and lizard is not obvious.The Sinisaurus crocodilrus has a wide short, and uncurling otocyst in the form of in-verse pyramid. Its three semisircular canals are all connected with the utricle, but the plane of each semicircular canal seems not vertical to each other. Conclusion The audition and equilibria function of Shinisaurus crocodilurus and Gekko gecko have been at a low rank and their audi-tionorgan and position sense have not been developing well. This is caused by their low level of evolution.