柔红霉素、骆驼蓬总碱对兔视网膜的毒性观察

Toxicity of intraocular injection of daunorubicine and total alkoloid of Harmaline on the retina of the rabbit eyes

目的 探讨药物柔红霉素(daunorubicin,DNR)、骆驼蓬总碱(total alkaloid Of Harmaline,TAH)眼内注射防治后发性白内障对视网膜的毒性作用.方法 于兔右眼晶体囊摘除(extracapsular lens extraction,ECLE)术中分别前房内注射0.2mg/mlTAH和0.2mg/ml DNR溶液0.1ml,通过眼底镜检查、视网膜电图及眼组织病理学等研究对象兔眼视网膜的影响.结果 对照眼与15只注入TAH眼眼底无明显的病理变化;TAH眼手术前后视网膜电图b波的振幅和潜时与对照眼无差别.而10只注入DNR眼出现严重的内皮性角膜水肿混浊,前房大量纤维索性渗出特等明显的炎性反应眼底及视网膜电图无法检查.组织病理学检查显示TAH组眼前节结构及视网膜各层结构正常,细胞排列规律;透射电镜检查TAH眼的视网膜感光细胞外节盘膜结构清晰.排列整齐.视网膜细胞排列紊乱,部分明显呈核固缩,表现出明显的毒性反应.结论 TAH眼内注射对兔视网膜的毒性较小,有可能用于后发性白内障的防治研究,而DNR对兔视网膜及其它组织表现出明显毒性,应进一步研究其使用的安全剂量和剂型.

Objective To investigate the toxicity of daunorubicine(DNR)and total alkaloid of Harmaline(TAH) on the retina of the rabbit eyes after intraocular injection for prevention of posterior capsule opacification. Methods During extracapsular lens extraction(ECLE), 0.lml of 0.2mg/ml DNR or0.2mg/ml TAH was injected into the anterior chamber of rabbit's right eye respectively, the balance salt solution was injected into the anterior chamber of the left eye as control. The biomicroscopy, the amplitude and latency of b wave of electroretinogram (ERG)and histological changes were studied. Results 15 TAH treated and control eyes showed normal fundus.Four weeks after injection, there was no difference in amplitude and latency of b wave of ERG between TAh treated eyes and the control. But in 10 DNA treated eyes, be-cause of severe inflammatory response such as comeal edema and severe fibrous exudate in anterior chamber, the fundus and ERG could not be studied. Histological study revealed that the structure and cells arrangement of retina in TAH treated eyes and control was no abnormality. Transmission electronic microscopy showed that the structure of outer segment membrane of photoreceptor was clear and arranged regularly in TAH treated eyes.However,in DNR treated eyes.comedal stromal edema accompanied with large amount of inflammotory cells infiltration,iris stromal was severly congestion and edema, the retina cells arranged irreularly accompanied with some cells showed karyopyknosis. All these findings suggested that DNR had obvious toxicity to the eye. Conclusion The toxicity of intraocular injection of TAH on the retina of the rabbit was mild,it may be used as a therapeutic agent for preventing the posterior capsule opacification. However, the toxicity of DNR intraocular in-jection was severe, it is suggested that further study on the dosage and the form of preparation of DNR is required.