不同碳氮比有机肥组合对低肥力土壤小麦生物量和部分土壤肥力因素的影响

The effects of combined organic manure in different carbon-to-nitrogen ratio on wheat biomass and soil fertility in low fertility soil

为了快速提高低肥力土壤肥力,以石麦15为试验材料,通过盆栽实验研究了在低肥力红壤和潮土上不同碳氮比有机肥组合对小麦生物量和部分土壤肥力因素的影响。试验结果表明,施用有机肥和化肥可以明显提高小麦产量和土壤肥力,且有机肥与化肥配施比单施化肥效果更好,其中秸秆、猪粪与化肥配合使用对提高小麦产量与土壤养分作用最为明显,显著高于其它肥料组合。随着有机肥碳氮比的提高,提高小麦产量与改善土壤养分的作用逐渐变小。在潮土上,碳氮比为12.5∶1的有机、无机肥料配施组合在提高小麦生物量方面,分别比碳氮比为25∶1、40∶1的肥料处理平均高24.2%、29.7%,在红壤上则分别为19.8%、21.2%,并且在增加土壤速效养分、脲酶活性、微生物量等地力方面的效果也比碳氮比为25∶1和40∶1的处理明显。

A pot experiment was conducted to determine the effects of combined organic fertilizer in eight carbon-to-nitrogen ratio treatments on wheat yield and development of soil fertility.The result showed that：1）Compared with no fertilization,the wheat yield,urea enzyme activities,soil available phosphorus,available potassium,microbial biomass nitrogen,microbial biomass carbon increased significantly with the combined application of organic manure and inorganic fertilizer.The combined application of organic manure and inorganic fertilizer was much better than application of inorganic fertilizer alone in this experiment.The pig manure,straw,inorganic fertilizer combination was better than straw,inorganic fertilizer combination in this experiment.However,application of straw,inorganic combination showed a relatively lower effect.There was fertility and the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of combined organic manure.The lower a significant relationship between the effects of increased wheat yield and improvement of soil carbon-to-nitrogen ratio（12.5）treatment has a better impact on increased wheat yield,urea enzyme activities,soil available phosphorus,available potassium,microbial biomass nitrogen,microbial biomass carbon than higher（25,40）.