生物材料修复半月板损伤的特征

Characteristics of biological materials for meniscus injury repair

背景:由于半月板属于人体软骨组织,其自行修复较难,对于多数半月板损伤的患者,对其进行半月板缝合或切除很难起到修复的效果,组织工程学手段为其修复提供了可能与研究方向。目的:对半月板生理结构和生物力学特征进行阐述,探讨在对其治疗过程中组织工程学领域重点关注的种子细胞和支架材料的研究进展。方法:由作者应用计算机检索PubMed数据库(http://www.ncbi.nim.nih.gov/PubMed)及CNKI数据库(www.cnki.net/index.htm)1980/2010有关半月板生理结构、生物力学特征以及半月板损伤修复过程中组织工程学种子细胞和支架材料的文献。英文关键词为"the meniscus,damage,biological materials",中文关键词为"半月板,损伤,生物材料"。排除重复及较陈旧的文献。结果与结论:共保留25篇文献进一步归纳分析。半月板损伤后自我修复较难,生物材料成为软骨组织修复的重要手段,种子细胞的培养与分离,理想支架材料的选择与研制成为制约半月板损伤修复的关键问题。细胞生长因子的调节作用为半月板种子细胞的繁殖与再生提供了更大保障,半月板组织工程支架材料的选择与研制经历了由单一材料向复合材料研制的快速发展时期,复合材料可以弥补单一材料存在的诸多缺点和不足,为新型材料的研制开辟了新思路。细胞的培养与分离以及纳米等仿生材料新技术的运用,成为今后研究的热点方向。

BACKGROUND：Since the meniscus is human cartilage tissue,and its self-repair is difficult,for most patients with meniscus injury,meniscus suturing or resection are hard to play a repair effect,tissue engineering approach may provide a means for its restoration.OBJECTIVE：To describe the meniscus physiological structure and biomechanical characteristics,to investigate the research progress on the seed cells and scaffolds of their course of treatment in the field of tissue engineering.METHODS：A computer-based online search of PubMed Database （http：//www.ncbi.nim.nih.gov/PubMed） and CNKI Database （www.cnki.net/index.htm） from 1980 to 2010 was performed by authors for articles related to the physical structure and biomechanical characteristics of the meniscus,as well as the seed cells and scaffolds of tissue engineering in meniscus injury repair process,using key words of ＂meniscus,damage,biological materials＂.Duplicated and old studies were excluded.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：A total of 25 studies were retained for further analysis.The meniscus is difficult to self-heal after injury,biomaterials become an important means of cartilage tissue repair,the culture and separation of seed cells,the ideal scaffold material selection and development are key issues to constraint meniscus injury repair.Regulation of cell growth factor provides a greater safeguard for the production and regeneration of seed cells in meniscus,the selection and development of meniscus tissue engineering scaffold materials are experienced a rapid development period from single material to composite material,which can make up many shortcomings and deficiencies of single materials,opened up new ideas for the development of new materials.Cell culture and separation,as well as nano-technology and other biomimetic materials,have become a hotspot for future research.