论西汉论体文的创作

On the Creation of "Lun Ti Wen" in the Western Han Dynasty

论体文是西汉散文中的一种重要文体,其表现形式通常有两类:一类是单篇的论体文,如贾谊的《过秦论》;一类是专题论著中的论体文,如桓宽的《盐铁论》。西汉论体文的内容非常丰富,主要有四个方面:一是借秦为谕的史论文;二是总结学术的文论;三是表现文人参政议政的政论文;四是表达"士不遇"的讽论。西汉论体文以其突出成就和独特风格为以后论体散文发展提供了优秀的范本。

＂Lun Ti Wen＂ is an important literary style of prose in the Western Han Dynasty.There are usually two types： the one is called ＂Single Lun Ti ＂ in which each article exists alone,such as the Fault of Qin by JIA Yi;the other is Special Lun Ti in which some associated articles are edited as a book,such as On Salt and Iron by HUAN Kuan.The Lun Ti Wen of the Western Han Dynasty has substantial contents,but they are mainly divided into four aspects： first,historical debate which mainly uses the past to disparage the present;second,literary debate which is about academic studies;third,political debate which shows the participation and discussion of the scholars in politics;and fourth,ironical debate which expresses the sadness of the scholars with unrecognized talents.Lun Ti Wen of the Western Han Dynasty,because of its outstanding achievement and unique style,has provided excellent examples for the development of Chinese prose.