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腰麻-硬膜外联合麻醉及笑气吸入两种镇痛分娩方法的比较 被引量:7

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摘要 目的:比较腰麻-硬膜外联合麻醉及笑气吸入两种镇痛分娩方法。方法:随机选取600例孕妇分为腰麻-硬膜外联合麻醉组、笑气吸入组及对照组,每组200例。在进入活跃期后,腰麻-硬膜外联合麻醉组采用蛛网膜下腔+硬膜外腔联合注入罗哌卡因+芬太尼,笑气吸入组吸入含有50%笑气和50%O2混和气体进行镇痛,而对照组未采用任何镇痛措施。比较三组产妇的镇痛效果、宫缩强度及胎心率变化、产程时间、分娩方式、产后出血量及新生儿窒息发生率。结果:①镇痛效果比较:三组有显著性差异。②宫缩强度及胎心率变化比较:宫缩强度在活跃期(T1)及实施镇痛分娩1h(T2)后比较均无显著性差异,但宫口开全(T3)后有显著性差异;三组孕妇胎心率在三个时段均无显著性差异。③产程时间及产后出血量的比较:活跃期腰-硬联合麻醉组时间最短、而第二产程时间最长,与另两组比较差异均有显著性;三组比较产后2h出血量比较无差异性。④分娩方式及新生儿窒息率的比较:三组比较尽管腰-硬联合麻醉组剖宫产率最低,产钳助产率最高但与另两组比较未发现显著性差异);新生儿窒息率三组无差异。结论:腰-硬联合麻醉镇痛效果好、产程时间短,孕妇能配合全产程,是目前最好的分娩镇痛方法之一,而笑气镇痛效果远差于腰-硬联合麻醉,与未实施镇痛分娩比较差异不大,且副作用多,期待更适宜我国的规范化分娩镇痛能尽早开展。
作者 韩香 张卫文
出处 《陕西医学杂志》 CAS 2011年第4期448-450,共3页 Shaanxi Medical Journal
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