饲料蛋白和能量水平对克氏原螯虾生长和蛋白质代谢的影响

Effect of Dietary Protein and Energy Levels on Growth and Protein Metabolism of Red Swamp Crawfish Procambarus clarkii

试验设计不同蛋白质和能量水平的9种试验饲料饲养克氏原螯虾,探讨饲料蛋白和能量水平对克氏原螯虾生长和蛋白质代谢的影响.结果表明：特定生长率随饲料蛋白和能量水平的升高而显著增加（P〈0.05）,但260和300 g/kg蛋白组间无显著差异（P〉0.05）,15和17 kJ/g能量组间亦无显著差异（P〉0.05）;肠蛋白酶活性和肝胰腺蛋白酶活性均随饲料蛋白水平的升高而显著增加（P〈0.05）;饲料蛋白质为300 g/kg时与220和260 g/kg组的肝胰腺的腺苷脱氨酶活性（ADA）和谷氨酸脱氢酶活性（GDE）差异显著增加（P〈0.05）,饲料能量水平亦对肝胰腺的ADA活性有显著影响,但对肝胰腺GDE无显著影响（P〉0.05）.对饲料蛋能比和肌肉RNA/DNA作直线和抛物线分析,得到适宜的蛋能比为16.63和17.59 g/M J.在该试验条件下,促进克氏原螯虾生长和蛋白质代谢的适宜蛋能比为16.63-17.59 g/M J.

Trials were conducted to investigate the effects of dietary protein and energy levels on growth and protein metabolism of Procambarus clarkii.Results indicated that specific growth rate increased with the increase of dietary protein level and energy level（P0.05）,from 260 to 300 g/kg but increase in energy level from 15 to 17 kJ/g had no significant difference（P0.05）.Protease specific activity in intestinal and hepatopancreas significantly increased with the increase of dietary protein level（P0.05）.Adenosine deaminase（ADA）and glutamate dehydrogenase（GDE） in hepatopancreas significantly increased with the increase of dietary protein level and were higher at 300 g/kg than at 220 and 260 g/kg（P0.05）.ADA in hepatopancreas was significantly influenced by dietary energy level,but GDE was not significantly influenced by dietary energy level（P0.05）.Analysis of RNA/DNA in muscle and ratio of dietary protein and energy level indicated that optimal ratio of dietary protein and energy level respective were 16.63 and 17.59 g/MJ.In the current experiment,the optimal protein to energy ratio which could improve growth and protein metabolism were 16.63-17.59 g/MJ.