认知神经科学研究范式的困境与出路

Difficulties and Solutions of Research Paradigms on Cognitive Neuroscience

认知神经科学兴起不过20年,但其研究范式却经历了从哲学思辨到心理实验、从损伤技术到活体成像、从科学实验到计算模拟的转换。虽然研究技术和手段的进步,伴随着研究范式的革新大大推动了认知神经科学的发展,但当前研究水平却不能达到用神经活动解释精神活动、用生理机制还原心理现象、用神经机制印证理论假设的理想目标。因此,认知神经科学进一步发展需要分离性研究和整合性研究相结合、理论构建和神经机制印证相结合以及多种脑成像技术的融合。

Cognitive neuroscience has been in vogue for merely less than twenty years, however, its research paradigms went through from speculative philosophy to experimental psychology, from damage technology to imaging in vivo and then from scientific experiment to computer simulation. Though the research techniques and methods makes steady progress, with the rapid development of cognitive neuroseience that has been greatly promoted as a result of innovations of research paradigms, yet the current research level cannot reach the perfect objective which will use neural activities to interpret spir- itual ones, present psychology phenomenon through physiology mechanism and make use of neural mechanism to prove theoretical assumption. For this reason, key issues of further development of cognitive neuroscience demand the connection of separative and conformable research as welt as the theoretical construction and neural mechanism, thus finally combined with a variety of brain imaging technology.