矿区植被恢复措施对土壤养分及物种多样性的影响

Effect of Vegetation Restoration Measures on Soil Nutrients and Species Diversity in Abandoned Area of Jinning Phosphorite Mine

为了了解矿区废弃地不同植被恢复措施对土壤养分及物种多样性的影响,以晋宁磷矿矿区废弃地不同恢复措施下的林地为研究对象,对林地土壤养分及物种多样性进行了研究。结果表明:不同植被恢复措施林地土壤养分存在一定的差异。旱冬瓜、圣诞树林地有机质和速效钾含量最高,旱冬瓜林地的速效氮和速效磷含量最高,荒坡地、废弃地中有机质、速效钾及速效磷含量最低。植被恢复措施提高了矿区废弃地的群落物种多样性,其中旱冬瓜林、旱冬瓜+圣诞树林及圣诞树林的物种多样性较高,直干桉林、藏柏林、蓝桉林的物种多样性较低,废弃地物种多样性最低。

To understand the effects of different vegetation restoration measures on soil nutrients and species diversity, taking the forest lands with different vegetation restoration measures as examples, this paper studied the soil nutrients and species diversity of different forest lands in Jinning Phosphorite Mine. The results showed there were differences in soil nutrients among different forest lands. Alnus nepalensis Acacia dealbata lands had the highest organic matter and available potassium content ; Alnus nepalensis land had the highest available nitrogen and available phosphorus contents, waste and abandoned lands had the lowest organic matter, available potassium and available phosphorus contents. The soil nutrients in Alnus nepalensis land and Alnus nepalensis ＆ Acacia dealbata lands were better and waste and abandoned lands were the worst. The vegetation restoration measures were beneficial to improving the species diversity of abandoned lands, the lands with Alnus nepalensis , Alnus nepalensis ＆ Acacia dealbata and Acacia dealbata had the highest species diversity, the lands of Eucalyptus globulus, E. rnaideni and Cupressus torulosa took second place, waste and abandoned lands were the lowest.