脱水对桔梗花粉离体萌发及其贮藏性能的影响

Effect of Dehydration on Pollen Germination in Vitro and Storing Capability of Platycodon Grandiflorum

采用花粉离体萌发和花粉管长度测定法研究了脱水温度和时间对桔梗花粉生活力的影响,以及花粉贮藏过程中其寿命的动态变化规律,并采用人工控制授粉的方法研究了不同温度下贮藏不同时间的桔梗花粉授粉结实能力的变化特征,为桔梗花粉保存、人工杂交体系的建立提供依据。结果表明:1)不同烘干温度、不同烘干时间处理后桔梗花粉萌发率和花粉管长度均有所降低,但40℃处理0.5-3h、45℃处理1-2h花粉萌发率下降较小,而50℃处理4h以上即可使桔梗花粉萌发能力完全丧失;花粉烘干脱水后不同处理间其耐藏性存在明显差异,30℃、35℃、50℃处理不同时间的桔梗花粉常温贮藏寿命不超过2d,而45℃处理1.5h花粉可贮藏5d以上。2)45℃烘干1.5h后花粉授粉结籽率显著高于CK1(阴置),与对照CK2(田间自然状态花粉)相比略有增加;干燥处理后随贮藏时间增加,其授粉结籽率均呈下降趋势,但45℃烘干1.5h处理的花粉结籽率下降速度最慢,其授粉结籽能力可保持5d左右。

Effect of dehydration time and dehydration temperature on pollen activity of Platycodon grandiflorum is done,and with the delaying of storing time,viability change of pollen stored under normal temperature.Seed setting of dissimilar ageing pollens was estimate by emasculation,bagging and artificial pollinating.The results show that Jermination rate and tube length of pollen were reduced after treatment of the different drying temperature and the different drying time in oven,and germination rate of pollen were higher at 40℃for drying 0.5 hours to 3 hours,at 45℃for drying 1 hour to 2 hours.the pollen hardly had any viability after drying at 50℃for 4 hours.The span of pollen storage life was shorter to 2 days under normal temperature after drying at 30℃,35℃and 50℃,and longer than 5 days after drying at 45℃for 1.5 hours.Seeds setting of pollen after drying at 45℃for 1.5 hours was higher than CK1（pollen of being placed in shade）,its was almost same than CK2（pollen in field entrionment）.Seed setting of pollen after all treatment were decreased with the delaying of store time,and seeds setting of pollen at 45℃for 1.5 hours after 5 days under normal temperature was 11.5%,and its seed setting was higher than others significantly.