清代寺庙林管理制度初探

Preliminary Study on Management System of Monastery Forestry in Qing Dynasty

清代寺庙林管理主体既包括国家,也包括民间组织(以佛教寺院为主)。造成这种双层管理模式出现的一个重要原因在于,政府对许多被认为是现代国家所必须承当的林业管理事务概不承当,而都由民间的森林管理主体承担,官府则主要对毁林行为进行惩治。因此,清代寺庙林的管理是一种双层的管理结构。长期以来,国家管理机制与民间管理机制处于一种良性的互动状态。

Management subject of monastery forestry in Qing Dynasty included not only country,but also folk organization with the power of Buddhism Temple.The reasons for such double-layer management pattern was that the government did not bear many forestry management affairs which government had to undertake in modern society.Such affairs were undertaken by folk organization,while government undertook punishment of deforestation.The management of monastery forestry had double-layer management pattern.For a long time,country＇s management mechanism and folk management mechanism had the positive interaction relation.