含水量和添加剂对沙打旺青贮质量的影响

Effects of Moisture Content and Different Additives on Silage Quality of Ereck Milkvetch

为了评价沙打旺原料的物料特性,探寻有效改善其青贮饲料发酵品质的措施。试验将原料分为新鲜和晾晒2组,分别设置清水对照(CK)、添加甲酸(6mL/kg)、添加蔗糖(2%)调制处理。室温下用袋贮方式贮藏360d。经分析表明,沙打旺青贮时,晾晒使水分从80%左右降至70%,极显著提高了青贮饲料的pH值(P<0.01),降低了乳酸和氨态氮含量(P<0.01)。与对照组相比,添加甲酸和蔗糖极显著降低了青贮饲料的pH值和氨态氮含量(P<0.01),显著提高了乳酸含量(P<0.05);蔗糖还明显提高了乙酸、丙酸及硝酸盐含量(P<0.05)。晾晒和添加剂对原料干物质含量及保存率无明显影响,但青贮使沙打旺中硝酸盐含量下降70%～77%,亚硝酸盐含量亦显著下降。

The study was aimed to evaluate the characters of ereck milkvetch material and seek effective measures to improve its fermentation quality. The fresh and air basked ereck milkvetch was used. There were three treatments including water control （CK）, sucrose （2%） and formic acid （6 mL/kg）. The ereck milkvetch was fermented for 360 d in bags at RT. The results showed that the moisture content in ereck milkvetch silage dropped from 80% to 70% after air basking. Its pH value was increased significantly （P〈0.01）, but its content of lactic acid and ammonia nitrogen was reduced significantly （P0.01）. Compared with the CK, the formic acid and sucrose significantly reduced the pH value and ammonia nitrogen content （P0.01） but significantly increased lactic acid content（P〈0.05）. In addition, the sucrose significantly increased the contents of acetic acid, propanoic acid and nitrate content （P〈0.05）. Air basking and additives had no significant impact on dry matter content and recovery, but silage fermentation reduced nitrate content in ereck milkvetch by 70%-77% as well as nitrite content.