改进的光镜检查尿红细胞形态在血尿诊断中的价值

Diagnostic value of reformed microscope in hematuria by examinating the morphology of urinary red cells

目的探讨普通光镜检查尿红细胞形态在血尿诊断中的准确性。方法用双盲法研究９２例血尿病人，其中５２例经肾活检证实为肾小球疾病，非肾小球疾病４０例。应用普通光镜，降低其聚光镜强度，在暗视野中观察尿畸型红细胞形态，使能获得与位相显微镜检查相似的清晰效果。结果用这种方法统计尿红细胞中畸型红细胞百分率，当尿畸型红细胞≥７０％时，诊断为肾小球性血尿，敏感性达９２％，特异性１００％。结论经改良后的光镜检查操作简便，准确性高，有较大的临床实用意义。

Objective\ To study the accuracy of the morphology of urinary red cells with ordinary microscope in hematuria's diagnosis.[WT5 HZ]Method\ 92 patients with hematuria were examined by double-blind method.Renal biopsy demonstrated 52 cases with glomerular diseases and the others non-glomerular diseases.To obtain a similar clear effect to phase-contrast microscope,it was essential to the reduction of its condensing-lens intensity and observation in dark field of version.Result\ The percentage of urinary deformation red cells was calculated by the technique.The results indicated that the sensitivity and specificity were respectively 92%,100% when the rate of deformity was equal to or over 70%,defined as hematuria.Conclusion\ Reformed microscope was clinically potentially useful and characterized by operative simplicity and high accuracy.