CO_2直接合成碳酸二甲酯催化剂的研究进展

RESEARCH REVIEW OF DIRECT SYNTHESIS OF DIMETHYL CARBONATE FROM CARBON DIOXIDE

碳酸二甲酯(DMC)是一种重要的绿色化工原料,在工业、农业、医药等领域得到广泛的应用。DMC的合成方法有多种,其中氧化羰基化法、酯交换法已经工业化,但由于各自的缺点,限制了其规模化。近年来,研究比较多的也是公认最绿色环保的合成方法是用二氧化碳与甲醇直接合成碳酸二甲酯。着重介绍了这种方法所应用的催化剂及其催化机理研究进展,并对催化剂的作用机理、助催化剂、吸水剂以及反应条件对催化剂活性和选择性的影响进行了评述。

Dimethyl carbonate （DMC） is an important green chemical material, and it has been applied widely in industry, agriculture and pharmaceutical industry. DMC has a variety of synthetic methods, of which the phosgene methanol method, transesterification method and oxidation carbonylation have been industrialized, but their own shortcomings limit their scale. In recent years, the method of synthesizing DMC using carbon dioxide and methanol is researched and regarded as the greenest synthetic method. The application of catalysts for this method and the research progress of the catalytic mechanism are presented, and recommendations on the problems of catalysts are put forward.