唐代后期江南户数新论

A New Discussion of the Number of Households in the South of the Changjiang River During Late Tang Dynasty

李吉甫的《元和郡县图志》比较真实地反映了安史之乱以后唐王朝对全国的控制状况。该书所反映的户数,作者认为仅仅是指两税法的税户,并不是当时全部的户数。倘以此税户数与天宝课户数相比较可知,江南各州的户口并未全面下降,相反有一部分州有不少增加。在江南十五州中,户口下降较严重的是浙东山区,主要原因是频繁的民变导致了政府控制力的削弱。受战争的影响,江南地区的税户分布极不平衡,浙西苏州税户的剧增比较特殊,这与苏州地区特殊的地理位置及其内部结构的稳定性密不可分。元和税户从不同侧面反映了江南政治经济文化发展的不平衡性。

Illustrated Annals of Yuanhe Prefecture and County by Li Jipu draws a relatively true picture of the general situation across the country under the control of Tang Kingdom after the rebellion was suppressed launched by An Lushan and Shi Siming.In our opinion,the number of households recorded in the book only refers to those that paid taxation instead of the total number of households in that period.If we compare the number of households recorded in the annals with the number of households on which Tian Bao levied taxes,we can find that the number of households south of the Changjiang River does not show an obvious decline in all the prefectures,and that instead the figure shows a noticeable increase in some prefectures.Of the 15 prefectures south of the River,it was in the mountainous region of eastern Zhejiang that the number of households declined rather drastically,of which the main reason was that frequent rebellions by peasants weakened government control.Affected by the war,the households that paid taxes south of the River were unevenly distributed.The dramatic increase of tax-paying households in Suzhou and western Zhejiang was ascribed to the specially favorable geographical location and to the inner stability of these districts.The tax-paying households in Yuanhe District reflected the uneven political,economic and cultural development south of the River from one aspect.