上海市青少年体力活动现状与体质健康相关性研究

Research on correlation between adolescent physical activity and physical health in shanghai

[目的]研究上海市青少年体力活动与体质健康的相关性,为制定青少年的体力活动推荐标准提供理论依据。[方法]应用体力活动问卷对1 378名11～17周岁的上海市青少年进行调查,并测量每位受试者的BMI、肺活量,测试耐力类项目,用统计学方法分析不同强度体力活动与体质健康指标的关系。[结果]中等强度体力活动(MPA)的能量消耗均值男为3 427.86～5170.29千焦/周,女为3 853.55～5 465.79千焦/周;大强度体力活动(VPA)的能量消耗均值男为3 404.73～7 724.49千焦/周,女为1 861.41～5 641.72千焦/周。不同性别闲暇静态活动时间≥2 h者超重和肥胖的检出率均明显高于闲暇静态活动时间<2 h的人群。MPA能耗、VPA能耗分别与BMI、肺活量和耐力素质不同等级间的相关性存在统计学差异。[结论]目前上海市青少年的体力活动基本达到国际推荐水平,体力活动模式存在着性别差异;闲暇静态活动时间长的人群超重肥胖的检出率高;体力活动的健康效应与能量消耗相关。

[Objective] To investigate the correlation between physical activity and physical health in adolescents of Shanghai and provide theoretical basis for developing recommendations for adolescent physical activities. [Methods] Physical activity was assessed by means of questionnaire among 1 378 Shanghai adolescents,whose BMI,vital capacity and cardiopulmonary function were measured. [Results] Energy expenditure for moderate intensity physical activity in adolescents was 3 427.86-5 170.29 kJ per week（male） and 3 853.55-5 465.79 kJ per week（female）;Energy expenditure for vigorous activity was 3 404.73-7 724.49 kJ per week（male）and 1 861.41-5 641.72 kJ per week（female）.Adolescents of both sexes with sedentary activities during leisure time ≥2h were overweight and their obesity incidence obviously was higher than those with sedentary activities during leisure time2h.There was significant difference found in correlation between energy consumption（for MPA or VPA）and BMI,vital capacity and endurance levels. [Conclusion] Currently Shanghai adolescent physical activity has reached internationally recommended levels for physical activity patterns,but there are gender differences in this regard;the longer the sedentary activity during leisure time was,the more possible obesity occurred;and there is a dose-response relationship between different intensity of physical activity and fitness.