开洞矩形截面超高层建筑局部风压风洞试验研究

Wind tunnel test study on local wind pressure of rectangular super high-rise building with openings

基于一栋立面上有多个开洞的矩形截面超高层建筑的刚性模型表面压力测量风洞试验结果,分析了矩形截面超高层建筑在长边立面上不同开洞工况下建筑各表面平均风压系数和最不利风压系数的变化规律。试验结果表明:当建筑长边迎风时,开洞使得背风面洞口附近的平均风压系数绝对值增大,但迎风面上的平均风压系数变化很小;当建筑短边迎风时,开洞对洞口附近的平均风压系数和最不利正风压系数均只有微弱影响,但对其最不利负风压系数却有很大影响,特别是中部开洞,将使其周围的最不利负风压系数增大一倍以上;开洞对短边立面上的最不利风压系数不产生明显的影响。为有结构开洞的高层建筑洞口附近的围护结构设计提供了参考数据。

Based on the wind pressure measurement wind tunnel test results of a real rectangular super high-rise building with some openings on its facades,the effects of the openings on the long facade on the mean and the most unfavorable wind pressure coefficients on each facade were studied.The results indicate that when the long facade faces to the wind,the openings can increase the absolute value of the mean wind pressure coefficients on the leeward facades near the openings while those on windward facade were changed little.When the short facade faces to the wind,the openings have little effects on the mean and the most unfavorable positive wind pressure coefficients near the openings while strong effects on the most unfavorable negative wind pressure coefficients.The middle opening can increase the most unfavorable negative wind pressure coefficients more than one time.The openings have little effects on the wind pressure on the short facades.Those conclusions afford a useful reference for wind loads on components and cladding of high-rise buildings with openings.