学龄前儿童近视眼流行病学调查及相关因素分析

Analysis of myopia epidemiology of preschool children and related factors

目的调查学龄前儿童近视眼的流行病学状况、分析相关因素,为早期预防近视提供一定依据。方法在焦作市随机整群抽取20间幼儿园的学龄前儿童,用尼德克ARK-30对所选儿童进行屈光筛查。可疑近视者和屈光度≤+2.00D者予l%阿托品眼膏涂双眼3d,由专人进行视网膜检影,确诊为近视及屈光度≤+2.00D的儿童由专人进行近视相关因素调查。结果学龄前儿童近视眼患病率为1.95%,城区2.10%,农村1.80%;其中3～4(<4)岁占0.98%,4～5(<5)岁占1.96%,5～6岁占2.45%。相关因素分析:学龄前儿童近视眼发生与近亲近视史密切相关,城区与农村学龄前儿童近视眼发病情况无显著性差异。结论学龄前儿童近视在临床上非常多见,应引起足够重视。

Objective To investigate the epidemiology of myopia in preschool children,and to analyze related factors to provide a basis for early prevention of myopia.Methods Random cluster sampling Jiaozuo 20 kindergarten preschool children,with the Nidek ARK-30 refractive screening of the selected children.Suspicious of myopia and refractive error ≤＋2.00 D to l% atropine ointment were painted eyes 3d,carried out by hand retinoscopy,diagnosed with myopia and refractive error ≤＋2.00 D for myopic children in person related factors.Results The prevalence of myopia was 1.95% in preschool children,urban 2.10%,rural 1.80%;of which 3~4（4） years old accounted for 0.98%,4~5（5） years old accounted for 1.96%,5 to 6 years old accounted for 2.45%.Related factors： pre-school children myopia occurred related to close relative myopia history,urban and rural preschool children the prevalence of myopia was no significant difference.Conclusions The pre-school children myopia is very common in clinical,attention should be paid.