对高校教师人力资本投资风险及规避的新探讨

A Discussion on University Teachers' Human Capital Investment Risks and Avoidance

当今高校的竞争已日趋激烈,而竞争的根本在于高校优质的教师人力资本。优质教师人力资本的获得需要进行投资,但高校教师人力资本投资存在风险,如何规避风险成为高校关注的焦点。本文对高校教师人力资本投资风险进行了界定,认为高校教师人力资本投资风险主要表现为对教师投资后并没有达到预期的效果。深入分析了高校教师人力资本投资风险产生的原因,认为主要是由外部原因和内部原因两方面造成的,外部原因是由于市场供求的不平衡所决定的,内部原因是由于教师人力资本载体--教师的机会主义行为倾向和高校的体制缺陷所决定的。并提出了要从高校、教师自身和学生三方面入手,即学校方面要进行高校管理改革;教师方面要提高教师自身素质;学生方面要提高学习热情,来共同形成高校教师人力资本投资风险规避体系,来规避高校教师人力资本投资风险,为高校人力资本投资决策提供依据。

The essence of university＇s competition lies in high-quality teachers human capital with the fierce competition. There are risks in human capital investment. How to evade the risks becomes the focus of different universities. The definition of the university＇s human capital investment risks were that the effect didn＇t reach the expected purpose. The paper discussed the reasons of university＇s human capital investment risks. The reasons were as follows： the external reasons and internal reasons. The external reasons were that the imbalance of market. The internal reasons were that the teacher＇s opportunism behaviors and university＇s system defects. The paper also put forward such ideals that the measures of evading risks were to consider three aspects including university, teachers themselves and students. The universities should strength the building of system and encourage reform. The teachers should improve the teacher＇s quality themselves. The students should improve the study enthusiasms. The significance of the analysis is to avoid the university＇s human capital investment risks and help universities make human capital investment decision.