数控重型机床阶梯式导轨的有限元分析

FEM on Stepped Guideway of Heavy Machine Tool

对于重型数控机床,导轨起到至关重要的导向和支撑作用。导轨的形式、结构直接影响数控机床的刚度,进而影响机床的精度及稳定性。阶梯式铸铁导轨是重型机床常采用的导轨形式。文中采用有限元分析法对大型机床立柱的阶梯式导轨进行静力分析,分析出其受力情况。分析结果为导轨几何尺寸及阶梯差提供了可靠的理论数据,并在实践中得以应用。

The guideway plays an important part in guiding and supporting for heavy machine tool.The type and structure of the guideway affects directly the rigidity,accuracy and stability of machine tool.The stepped cast-iron guideway is often adopted in heavy machine tool.This article uses FEM（finite element method） to make the practical analysis of the stepped guideway and gets the stress result.The reliable theoretical data is offered for geometrical dimension and stepped difference,and this result is put into practice.