石墨型碳氮聚合物纳米结构的研究进展

Progress in Nanostructures of Graphitic Carbon Nitrides

石墨型碳氮聚合物指的是主要由碳氮两种元素结合形成具有类石墨层状共轭结构的聚合物。由于具有类石墨的共轭平面结构,这类聚合物可形成各种纳米结构材料,如球状、管状、带状、薄膜以及介孔材料等。这些材料密度低、硬度高、化学惰性、生物相容性好等,同时具有光学和电学性质,因而在催化、生物技术、气体存储、超硬材料、光学和电子材料、金属防腐等方面具有广泛的应用。本文综述了石墨型碳氮聚合物的合成方法及其纳米结构制备的最新研究进展,讨论了材料制备条件对其结构、形貌及性能的影响。

Graphitic carbon nitrides are polymers with graphite-like conjugated layer structures, which are formed mainly via the combination of carbon and nitrogen elements. Due to the graphite-like conjugated planes of these polymers, a variety of nanostructure materials could be synthesized, such as spherical, tubular, ribbon-like and mesoporous nanomaterials. These materials have various unique properties including low density, high hardness, chemical inertness, biocompatibility, and special optical and electrical characters. Therefore, they have wide applications as catalysis, biotechnology, gas storage, superhard materials, optical and electronic materials, metal anticorrosion. This review summarizes the synthetic methods of graphitic carbon nitrides and the latest progress in fabricating their nanostructures. The effects of preparation conditions on structures, morphologies and properties of these nanomaterials will also be discussed.