论抵押权与质权竞存时的顺位确定

On the Ranking Determination Where the Right to Mortgage and the Right of Pledge Co- exist

抵押权与质权的竞存形态因各国法律关于抵押权与质权标的物的不同规定而有所区别。依我国法律规定,抵押权与质权的竞存只能发生于动产上。在同一动产上产生抵押权与质权竞存时,其顺位原则上应依二者设立之先后分别确定,同时考虑公示方法。在先抵押后质押的情形下,如果抵押权已登记,则抵押权优先于质权;如果抵押权未登记,则质权优先于抵押权。在先质押后抵押的情形下,一般应认定质权优先于抵押权,而不论后设立之抵押权是否登记。但出质人为质权人设立质权后,质权人经出质人同意,以质物为第三人设定了抵押权的,则抵押权优先于质权。

Security interests would conflict when more than one security interests of the same or the different kinds co - exist over the same subject matter. Due to the characteristics of priority compensation of the security interests, it is necessary to determine the ranking of compensation where conflicts of se- curity interests exist.