论在我国保险法上确立合理期待原则

On establishing the reasonable expectation principle in China′s Insurance Law

美国保险法上的"满足被保险人的合理期待"的法律理念自提出并被不少国家逐渐接受后,目前已发展成为一种全新的格式合同解释原则。"合理期待原则"的产生和存在有其历史背景和理论基础,传统合同救济办法不能对被保险人提供有效救济是其产生的直接动因,保险合同为射幸合同,其所具有的悬殊的对价特征是其产生的根源,在本质上是公平原则的必然要求和延伸,其法律价值目标是实现合同实质自由和公平正义。在我国保险法上应确立合理期待原则,但其适用要在满足传统合同救济方法不能提供有效救济这一前提下,受到严格限制。

The legal concept of ＂meeting the reasonable expectations of the insured＂ in the United States＇ Insur- ance Law,which has been gradually aecepted by many countries,has developed into a new format for the principles of contract interpretation. The emergence and existence of the Reasonable Expectation Principle has its historical background and theoretical foundation. The direct cause is that the traditional contract remedies cannot provide ef- fective relief to the insured. The feature of aleatory insurance contract with the gap between the considerations is the root cause. In essence, the Reasonable Expectation Principle is the inevitable requirement and extension of the fair- ness principle. Its legal objective is to achieve real freedom of contract and fairness and justice. The Reasonable Ex- pectation Principle should be established in China＇s Insurance Law, but the application of this principle should be subject to strict limitations, on the premise that the traditional contract remedies can not provide effective relief.