重释萨特的自由理论

Reinterpretation on Sartre' Theory of Freedom

本文认为,萨特肯定了人的存在与人的自由具有同一性,把自由视为一个本体论问题,确认了自我意识在本体论上占据着先在性的位置,目的是为自由的本体论地位建立根据。在对自我意识内在结构分析的基础上,着重论述构成萨特自我意识理论的思想背景,通过对笛卡尔以来近代哲学中的自我意识问题的批判反思,萨特从存在哲学的角度完成了哲学研究的本体论转向。

This paper addresses that Sartre ascertained being of human and freedom of human share the same identity.In order to build up the basis of ontology of freedom,he regarded freedom as a question of ontology,and confirmed the prior status of self-consciousness on ontology.Founded on the internal structure analysis of self-consciousness,this paper focuses on the discussion of the construction on the philosophical background of theory on self-consciousness,and states that Sartre has completed the transition of the ontology of philosophical study from the aspect of existentialism philosophy,through critical introspection on the question of self-consciousness all along the road from Descartes in modern philosophy.